Slipped Disc (Herniated Disc) at DRHC Dubai

What is a Slipped Disc?

A slipped disc, medically known as a herniated disc, occurs when the inner core of an intervertebral disc protrudes through a tear in the outer fibrous ring. This can cause the disc material to press on nearby nerves, leading to pain, discomfort, and other neurological symptoms. The spine is made up of 33 vertebrae separated by discs that act as shock absorbers and allow for flexibility. These discs have a soft, jelly-like center (nucleus pulposus) and a tougher outer layer (annulus fibrosus). A herniation can occur in any part of the spine, but is most common in the lumbar (lower back) and cervical (neck) regions.

Signs and Symptoms of Slipped Disc

Symptoms can vary depending on the location and severity of herniation. Some common symptoms include:

• Local Pain: Persistent pain in the back or neck, often worsening with movement.
• Radiculopathy: Radiating pain along the path of the affected nerve. In the lumbar spine, this can cause sciatica, with pain extending down the leg. In the cervical spine, it may cause pain radiating down the arm.
• Numbness and Tingling: Sensations of numbness or tingling in the limbs, indicating nerve compression.
• Muscle Weakness: Weakness in the muscles served by the affected nerves, which can impair movement and coordination.
• Decreased Reflexes: A reduction in reflex responses in the arms or legs.

Causes and Risk Factors

Several factors can lead to a herniated disc:

• Degenerative Disc Diseases (DDD): Natural aging causes discs to lose hydration and elasticity, making them more susceptible to herniation.
• Trauma: Injuries from accidents or improper lifting techniques can cause a disc to rupture.
• Repetitive Motion: Activities involving repeated bending or twisting can wear down the discs.
• Genetics: A family history of disc problems can increase the risk.
• Lifestyle Factors: Smoking, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle can weaken the disc structure and exacerbate degeneration.

Diagnosis and Evaluation at DRHC Dubai

At DRHC Dubai, we use a thorough and personalized approach to diagnose a slipped disc:

1. Medical History and Physical Examination: We begin by understanding the patient's symptoms, medical history, and lifestyle. A physical exam helps to identify areas of pain, muscle weakness, and reduced reflexes.
2. Imaging Studies:
   • MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): This imaging technique provides detailed images of the discs and nerves, helping to pinpoint the location and extent of the herniation.
   • CT Scan (Computed Tomography): Useful for visualizing bone structures and identifying any bony abnormalities.
   • X-rays: While X-rays do not show soft tissue, they can reveal spinal alignment issues and degenerative changes.
3. Electrodiagnostic Tests:
   
   • Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS): These tests evaluate the electrical activity of muscles and the function of nerves, helping to determine the impact of herniation on nerve function.

Treatment Options at DRHC Dubai

At DRHC Dubai, we offer a range of treatment options tailored to the severity of the herniated disc and the specific needs of each patient:

1. Conservative (Non-Surgical) Treatments:
   • Physical Therapy: Customized exercises to strengthen the back and core muscles, improve posture, and enhance flexibility.
   • Medications: Pain relievers, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and muscle relaxants to alleviate pain and inflammation.
   • Lifestyle Modifications: Advice on weight management, smoking cessation, and ergonomic adjustments to reduce stress on the spine.
   • Heat and Cold Therapy: To relieve muscle tension and reduce inflammation.
2. Minimally Invasive Interventions:
   • Epidural Steroid Injections: Injections of corticosteroids into the epidural space can reduce inflammation and alleviate pain.
   • Nerve Blocks: Anesthetic injections near specific nerves to block pain signals.
3. Surgical Options:
   • Microdiscectomy: A minimally invasive procedure where the portion of the herniated disc compressing the nerve is removed.
   • Laminectomy removes a portion of the vertebral bone (lamina) to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves.
   • Spinal Fusion: In cases of severe instability, two or more vertebrae are fused to stabilize the spine.
   • Artificial Disc Replacement: In certain cases, the damaged disc is replaced with an artificial one, maintaining spinal mobility.