Radiculopathy at DRHC Dubai Back Pain Clinic

What is Radiculopathy?

Radiculopathy refers to a condition caused by the compression, inflammation, or damage of a nerve root in the spine. The spinal column is made up of vertebrae, and between each vertebra are spinal discs that act as cushions. Nerve roots branch out from the spinal cord through openings between the vertebrae, extending to various parts of the body. When these nerve roots are irritated or compressed, it can lead to radiculopathy.

Causes of Radiculopathy

Several factors can cause radiculopathy, including:

1. Herniated Disc: One of the most common causes is when the inner gel-like center of a disc protrudes through the outer layer, pressing on a nerve root.
2. Degenerative Disc Diseases: As discs age, they lose height and hydration, potentially leading to nerve compression.
3. Bone Spurs: These are bony overgrowths that can form on the vertebrae and press on the nerve roots.
4. Spinal Stenosis: A narrowing of the spinal canal on the openings where the nerve roots exit the spine can lead to radiculopathy.
5. Injury: Trauma to the spine can cause disc herniation, fractures, or swelling that compresses nerve roots.
6. Infection or Tumors: Though less common, infections or tumors in the spine can also cause nerve compression.

Symptoms of Radiculopathy

The symptoms of radiculopathy vary depending on the location of the affected nerve root. Common symptoms include:

• Pain: Radiating pain is a hallmark of radiculopathy. The pain can be sharp, burning, or aching and often extends from the spine to the extremities, such as the arms or legs.
• Numbness and Tingling: These sensations, also known as paresthesia, can occur along the path of the affected nerve.
• Weakness: Muscle weakness in the affected area, such as the arm or leg, may occur, impacting daily activities.
• Loss of Reflexes: A decrease in reflexes may be present in the affected limb.

The Specific symptoms depend on the region of the spine involved:

1. Cervical Radiculopathy: Affects the neck region, with symptoms radiating into the shoulder, arms, and hands.
2. Thoracic Radiculopathy: Less common, it affects the upper to mid-back, with symptoms often wrapping around the torso.
3. Lumbar Radiculopathy: Affects the lower back, with symptoms radiating into the hips, legs, and feet. This is often referred to as sciatica.

Diagnosis Radiculopathy

Diagnosing radiculopathy involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. At DRHC Dubai, our specialists may use:

• Physical Examination: Testing muscle strength, reflexes, and sensation in the affected area.
• Imaging Studies: MRI or CT scans can provide detailed images of the spine, revealing the cause of nerve compression.
• Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Studies: These tests measure electrical activity in muscles and the speed of nerve signals, helping to pinpoint the affected nerves.

Treatment Options for Radiculopathy

Treatment for radiculopathy aims to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and restore function. Options include:

1. Conservative Treatments:
   • Medications: Pain relievers, anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants, and corticosteroids.
   • Physical Therapy: Exercises to strengthen muscles, improve flexibility, and alleviate nerve compression.
   • Lifestyle Modifications: Ergonomic adjustments, posture correction, and avoiding activities that exacerbate symptoms.
2. Interventional Procedures:
   • Epidural Steroid Injections: Corticosteroids injected near the affected nerve root can reduce inflammation and pain.
   • Nerve Blocks: Anesthetic injections that can help manage pain and identify the affected nerve.
3. Surgical Options:
   • Discectomy: Removing part of a herniated disc to relieve nerve pressure.
   • Laminectomy: Removing part of the vertebra to create more space for the nerves.
   • Foraminotomy: Widening the opening where the nerve root exits the spine.