Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) at Rheumatology Clinic DRHC Dubai

Causes of Psoriatic Arthritis:

Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the joints and skin. It is a type of autoimmune arthritis that occurs in some people with psoriasis, a skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches. The exact cause of PsA is not known, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune system factors.

1. Genetic Factors:

   • Family History: PsA tends to run in families, suggesting a genetic component to the condition. Having a family member with PsA or psoriasis increases the risk of developing the condition.
   • HLA-B27 Gene: The presence of the HLA-B27 gene has been associated with an increased risk of developing PsA, although not everyone with the gene will develop the condition.

2. Environmental Factors:

   • Certain infections may trigger an abnormal immune response in individuals genetically predisposed to PsA, although no specific infectious agent has been consistently linked to its development.
   • Smoking: Smoking has been identified as a risk factor for developing PsA. It is believed that smoking may contribute to the progression of the disease by increasing inflammation and damaging the joints.

3. Immune System Factors:

   • Autoimmunity: PsA is considered an autoimmune disease, which means that the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues. In PsA, the immune system targets the joints and skin, causing inflammation and pain.
   • Inflammatory Response: Inflammation is a key feature of PsA, and the immune system plays a central role in driving this inflammatory response. The exact mechanisms by which the immune system becomes dysregulated in PsA are still being studied.

Symptoms of Psoriatic Arthritis:

The symptoms of Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) can vary from person to person and may develop gradually over time. Common symptoms include:

• Joint pain, swelling, and stiffness, especially in the fingers, toes, and lower back.
• Red, scaly patches on the skin, often on the elbows, knees, scalp, or lower back.
• Nail changes, such as pitting, ridges, or discoloration.
• Fatigue and general feelings of malaise.
• Reduced flexibility and range of motion in the affected joints.
• Pain and swelling in the eyes (uveitis).

It is important to note that not everyone with PsA will experience all of these symptoms, and the severity of symptoms can vary from person to person. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor for a proper diagnosis and treatment.

Diagnosis of Psoriatic Arthritis

Diagnosing Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) can be challenging, as the symptoms can be similar to those of other conditions. However, there are several tests and procedures that can help confirm a diagnosis of PsA:

• Medical history: Our Rheumatologist  will ask about your symptoms, medical history, and family history of PsA or psoriasis.
• Physical examination: perform a physical examination to check for signs of inflammation and stiffness in your joints and skin.
• Blood tests: Blood tests can help detect inflammation and check for the presence of the HLA-B27 gene, which is associated with an increased risk of PsA.
• Imaging tests: X-rays, MRI scans, and CT scans can help your doctor visualize the extent of inflammation and damage in your joints and skin.

When to seek medical advice

If you are experiencing symptoms of Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA), it is important to see a doctor for a proper diagnosis and treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment can help slow the progression of the disease and improve your quality of life. Contact us today to schedule an appointment and take the first step towards better health and wellness.

Complications of Psoriatic Arthritis

Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) can lead to several complications, especially if left untreated. Common complications include:

• Reduced flexibility and range of motion in the affected joints.
• Chronic pain and stiffness, which can affect your ability to perform daily activities.
• Joint damage and deformity, which can be irreversible.
• Inflammation and damage to the eyes (uveitis), which can cause pain, redness, and sensitivity to light.
• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which can cause abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and other digestive problems.

It is important to note that not everyone with PsA will develop these complications, and the severity of complications can vary from person to person. However, it is important to see a doctor for a proper diagnosis and treatment to help prevent or manage these complications.

FAQs:

Q: Is Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) hereditary?

While there is a genetic component to PsA, not everyone with a family history of the condition will develop it. Having a family member with PsA or psoriasis increases the risk of developing the condition.

Q: Can Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) be cured?

There is currently no cure for PsA, but treatment can help manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Early diagnosis and treatment are important for improving quality of life and preventing complications.

Q: What is the best treatment for Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA)?

Treatment for PsA depends on the severity of symptoms and the presence of complications. Common treatments include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs

Biological drugs, also known as biologics, are a type of treatment for Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) that target specific proteins in the immune system that play a role in causing inflammation and joint damage. These drugs are usually reserved for individuals with moderate to severe PsA who have not responded well to other treatments.

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